What is the primary process involved in the preservation and disinfection of a dead human body?

Embalming is the primary process involved in the preservation and disinfection of a deceased human body. This procedure typically involves the use of chemicals to temporarily delay the natural process of decomposition. The main goal of embalming is to maintain the body's appearance during a viewing or service while also preventing the spread of pathogens and odors associated with decomposition.

During embalming, the embalmer uses a solution often containing formaldehyde, methanol, and other compounds that penetrate bodily tissues, effectively liberating them from bacteria and other microorganisms. This is particularly important for public health and for allowing family and friends to say their final goodbyes in a respectful and hygienic manner.

Other options, while related to handling the deceased, do not focus specifically on preservation and disinfection. Cremation reduces the body to ashes through high heat, interment involves burying the body, and extirpation refers to the surgical removal of a tissue or organ, none addressing the preservation and disinfection aspect as directly as embalming does.